Similarly, we have shown that ocular infection of WT mice with a recombinant virus expressing IL-4 (HSV-IL-4), which promoted macrophage responses toward M2, was more efficacious against both primary and latent infection than mice infected with a recombinant virus expressing IFNγ (HSV- IFNγ) [10]. This evidence concerns the gene IL4 and disease arising from reactivation of latent virus.