Additionally, several studies have reported that PSME1 is dysregulated in several different cancers, including prostate cancer and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), suggesting that PSME1 may act as a novel prognostic factor (Lemaire et al., 2007; Longuespee et al., 2012; Feng et al., 2016). This evidence concerns the gene PSME1 and cancer.