FGF7 and bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Considering the role of KGF in lung development, the reduced expression in response to mechanical ventilation, and the inverse relationship between KGF concentrations in tracheal aspirates from preterm infants and the incidence and severity of BPD (12), we hypothesized administration of exogenous KGF at initiation of mechanical ventilation after preterm delivery would stimulate surfactant production, lower FiO2, and reduce VILI and the EMT that contribute to fibrosis and BPD.