INS and gestational diabetes: The serum insulin level in the GDM group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (P < 0.05), which indicated that a high-sugar and high-fat diet could stimulate the islet beta cells of pregnant mice to increase insulin secretion, and the insulin resistance index in the GDM group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group, which indicated that the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).