CD4 and primary biliary cholangitis: Notably, AhR activation has been demonstrated playing a role in the pathogenesis of other liver diseases, like hepatitis C, where the AhR-cytochrome P4501A1 pathway was found to favor lipid accumulation along with virus replication and assembly (84); and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) where dioxin activated dendritic cells promoted differentiation of naïve CD4-cells, derived from PBC patients, into effector Th1 and Th17-cells (85).