IL1B and colitis: After segregation of the IBD population into patients with patients with UC or CD, the FMTs of patients with UC or CD all caused colitis in mice, regardless of the presence/absence of depression: they increased colon shortening; upregulated myeloperoxidase activity, IL-1β and IL-6 expression; increased the NF-κB+/CD11c+ cell population in the colon (Supplementary Figure S1).