Combination of EGFR-TKIs and PD-1 blockade even resulted in high rate of interstitial pneumonitis and deemed not feasible for further clinical development.23,24 Moreover, anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy was also found to be associated with hyperprogressive disease in EGFR-mutant NSCLC.38 Therefore, an alternative strategy is urgently needed for patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC who became refractory to EGFR-TKIs. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and Interstitial pneumonitis.