Most diagnostic tools, including multi-slice thin-section computer tomography without contrast media (HRCT), CT with contrast media in the absence of clinical suspicion of pulmonary embolism, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), echocardiography, assessment for pathogens, NT-proBNP/BNP, D-Dimer and troponins were used similarly between specialised and non-specialised ILD centres. Here, NPPB is linked to interstitial lung disease.