STAT1 and neoplasm: Molecular analysis-based studies on neoadjuvant chemotherapy–treated human PDAC tumors and orthotopic tumor xenografts revealed that traditional, or maximum-tolerated dose, chemotherapy regimens induce persistent STAT-1 and NF-κB activity in CAFs, subsequently resulting in high expression and secretion of ELR motif–positive (ELR+) chemokines.