PDE1C and neoplasm: On the one hand, ADRB2 (SMD = −1.46; 95% CI −2.02, − 0.91; P < 0.01), PDE1C (SMD = −0.75; 95% CI – 1.11, −0.39; P < 0.01) and PTGER3 (SMD = −0.58; 95% CI −1.08; −0.07; P < 0.01) were down-regulate in the cancer groups, which might be a tumor suppressor gene.