RFWD2 is also overexpressed in various kinds of human cancers (12), such as leukemia, lung cancer, breast cancer, lymphoma, glioma, melanoma, colorectal cancer, etc. We observed that RFWD2 levels were higher in lung cancer tissues compared with those in normal controls, and high levels of RFWD2 from patients with lung cancer showed a poor survival outcome. This evidence concerns the gene COP1 and breast cancer.