The model showed that BFR/BS, adjusted for sex, diabetes, plasma sclerostin and plasma OPG, was independently associated with the presence of VC, assessed by either Kauppila or Adragão score (P = 0.035, odds ratio (OR) = 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.82–0.99 and P = 0.017, OR = 0.88, 95% CI 0.79–0.98; respectively). This evidence concerns the gene SOST and diabetes mellitus.