TGFB1 and renal fibrosis: Although still controversial, there is evidence that the partial EMT of tubular cells participates in renal fibrosis indirectly, as EMT leads to an increased production of cytokines and chemokines, such as TGF-β1, that stimulate interstitial fibroblasts to produce more ECM proteins and, as such, attract more immune cells and enhance local inflammation [129,130,131,132].