In LN patients, miR-146a expression in PBMCs shows an inverse relationship with inflammatory markers that are closely associated with the NF-κB pathway (e.g., IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α), suggesting that downregulation of circulating miR-146a promotes immune activation and inflammation in LN [20]. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and lobular neoplasia.