PPAR-α is deeply involved in several physiological and pathological conditions, including regulation of the mitochondrial and proteasomal function, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neurodegeneration, which are considered key pathogenetic mechanisms involved in neurodegenerative diseases and stress-related disorders, including anxiety, MDD, PTSD, postpartum depression, and suicide [25,26,27]. This evidence concerns the gene PPARA and neurodegenerative disease.