Nonlesional AD skin is characterized by increased epidermal thickness and proliferation index, T-cell infiltration, type-2, -22, -17 cytokine and epidermal S100 protein expression, but a reduction in the expression of proteins of KC terminal differentiation, such as LOR, FLG and IVL, as compared to normal skin [104,138]. This evidence concerns the gene CALCA and Alzheimer disease.