First, the lncRNA AFAP1 antisense RNA1 (AFAP1-AS1) mediates the signal transducer and activator of the transcription-transforming growth factor beta-SMAD (STAT3/TGF-β/SMAD) signaling pathway through miR-424-5p to influence endometriosis progression. This evidence concerns the gene AFAP1 and endometriosis.