However, in contrast to what we observed in a model of primary effusion lymphoma [34] and acute myeloid leukaemia [35], the specific targeting of the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway did not induce substantial apoptosis in C91/III cells (Figure 2), suggesting that this pathway may not represent an actionable target for ATLL therapy in our model. Here, AKT1 is linked to primary effusion lymphoma.