For example, human macrophages shed exosomes that deliver antiviral mediators, including APOBEC3G (apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3G), protecting human hepatocytes from Hepatitis B virus infection [9]; miR-1975 was secreted in exosomes and taken up by the neighboring cells to induce IFN expression, suppressing Influenza virus replication [10]. The gene discussed is APOBEC3G; the disease is hepatitis B virus infection.