ACE2 and infection: However, it was reported that SARS-CoV-2 binds to HDL particles via the virus’s spike protein and in vitro studies using human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) and human hepatoma HepG2 cell lines have shown, at least under certain conditions (such as low HDL particle concentrations), that this facilitates SARS-CoV-2 binding to ACE2 and the infection of cells [26,27].