Furthermore, we observed a 4.9 times higher expression of IL-6 and 1.8 times higher expression αSMA in the Panc-1/PSC μtissues indicating that the co-culture of PSCs with Panc-1 cancer cells is causing a more activated state of PSCs compared to the autocrine activation of PSCs alone as previously mentioned. The gene discussed is ACTA1; the disease is cancer.