A recent study aiming to identify whether the ENS, via NDRG4, affects intestinal tumorigenesis showed that Ndrg4 knockdown in CRC models and in an indirect co-culture of primary enteric nervous system (ENS) cells was associated with enlarged intestinal adenoma development—the organoid growth being boosted by the Ndrg4−/− ENS cell secretome—the ENS, via loss of Ndrg4, being involved in colorectal pathogenesis [59]. Here, NDRG4 is linked to medical procedure.