Similarly, additional markers to those included in STOT were required for further subclassification of these four benign tumors, in which final diagnosis was reached based on positivity for i) CD34 in both of the two hemangioma tumors, ii) CD10 and HLADR in one benign kidney tumor, and iii) CD10+ CD9+ CD81+ CD105+ on a neurofibroma tumor; of note, the phenotypic profiles of those four benign tumors were clearly distinct from those found among malignant tumor cells. This evidence concerns the gene CD81 and benign neoplasm.