Importantly, we were able to show that the miR-125b-5p-ATXN1 axis is associated with sorafenib resistance as well as EMT in various HCC cell lines, including PLC/PRF5 and Hep3B which were infected with HBV and JHH-6, which was derived from an HCV-positive patient. This evidence concerns the gene ATXN1 and hepatocellular carcinoma.