In recent years, increased studies have proven that properties of CSCs could be regulated by different signal pathways, including Wnt, Notch, NF-kB, Hh, JAK-STAT, PI3K-AKT-mTOR, TGF-β and PPAR; most of these signal pathways are closely related to cell fate, and the abnormal activation of these signal pathways always contributes to tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, metastasis, recurrence and MDR via the regulation of CSCs in different tumor types. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is neoplasm.