In general, TP53 gene variants are the most common genetic alterations observed in ESCC, in addition to the genes histone-Lysine N-methyltransferase 2D, notch homolog 1 (NOTCH1), zinc finger protein 750, PIK3CA, and E1A binding protein 30015. This evidence concerns the gene KMT2D and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.