In addition, adenosine augmentation, induced by either the inhibition of ENTs or ADK or the activation of A1R or A2AR, alleviated neuroinflammation in some pathological animal models of AD and PD and neuroinflammation induced by intracerebral hemorrhage, multiple sclerosis, or LPS [46, 114, 168, 220, 244]. This evidence concerns the gene ADORA2A and Parkinson disease.