This study confirmed by immunohistochemistry the following: (1) CRABP2 and FABP5 are both expressed in the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue and normal esophageal squamous epithelium, but the expression of normal esophageal squamous epithelium is significantly higher and stronger than that in the ESCC tissue. The gene discussed is CRABP2; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.