We have previously reported that the ICD-inducing combination treatment consisting of the thymidine kinase (TK)- and vaccinia growth factor (VGF)-deleted strain of the Western Reserve (WR) virus and DOX resulted in synergistic killing of paclitaxel- and carboplatin-resistant murine and human OC cells in vitro and increased survival in tumor-bearing syngeneic mice that was associated with induction of antitumor immunity.9 This evidence concerns the gene VGF and neoplasm.