CD274 and lung adenocarcinoma: As a result, we retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (anti-PD-L1) blockade (atezolizumab) treatment for a patient with EGFR mutation, and we explored the interaction between immunotherapy and EGFR mutations in NSCLC.<h4>Case presentation</h4>A patient, 62-year-old non-smoking female, with lung adenocarcinoma was initially misdiagnosed as EGFR wild type and received a third-line treatment with atezolizumab, experiencing partial response (PR) and progression-free survival (PFS) for 23 months.