Identification of promising ingredients from traditional herbal medicine targeting NLRP3 inflammasome, on one hand, enriches our understanding about the mechanisms of herbal medicine and their active compounds; on the other hand, inspires us to search the relationship between inflammation and metabolic disorders in different tissues or organs under chronic hyperglycemia, which sheds light on finding novel therapeutic targets as well as potential constituents or therapies for pharmaceutical researches in the treatment of diabetes and diabetic complications. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is diabetes mellitus.