HLA-DRB1 and melanoma: Both DRB1<i>∗</i>16:01 (5.4% vs. 1.3%, <i>p</i>=0.001, Pc = 0.035, OR = 4.46) and DQB1<i>∗</i>05:02 (6.5% vs. 2%, <i>p</i>=0.001, Pc = 0.017, OR = 3.44) also showed a positive correlation with Breslow thickness >1.5 mm, most notably at an early age of diagnosis (≤58 years), DRB1<i>∗</i>16:01 (4.2% vs. 1.3%, <i>p</i>=0.001, Pc = 0.035, OR = 3.41) and DQB1<i>∗</i>05:02 (5.4% vs. 2%, <i>p</i>=0.002, Pc = 0.034, OR = 2.86).<h4>Conclusion</h4>These findings established HLA-DRB1<i>∗</i>16:01 and HLA-DQB1<i>∗</i>05:02 loci as melanoma risk factors in the southern Spanish population.