CD86 and HIV-1 infection: Taken together, these results indicate differential impact of hyperacute ART on APCs such that whereas it may prevent the downregulation of CD69 on monocytes and pDCs, it does not prevent downmodulation of CD86 on monocytes and mDCs, and it may lead to downmodulation of CD86 on pDCs that does not appear to be HIV-1 infection driven.