CXCL1 and neoplasm: These receptors guide the migration of myeloid derived cells from the bone marrow to tumor regions where CXCL1 and CXCL2 are highly expressed, inhibit the activity and proliferation of effector T cells, and stimulate the growth of regulatory T cells, thereby promoting tumor immune escape (Oppenheim et al., 1991; Gabrilovich et al., 2012).