Despite bone resorption, P. gingivalis was not detected at the end of the experimental period, and expression of Il-1β, Tnf-α, and genes encoding receptors to PAMPS, as well as the percentage of Treg and Th17 cells populations were not altered in gingival samples of the periodontitis group (P + B-) when compared to SHAM. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is periodontitis.