Our previous study demonstrated that the concentration of choline acetyl transferase in the cerebral spinal fluid was a predictive factor of POCD and that donepezil, which is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used in clinical settings for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, can prevent learning and memory impairment after anaesthesia/surgery in aged mice. Here, ACHE is linked to early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.