IQGAP1 and breast carcinoma: For example, IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) is also associated with cell migration [120, 121], and has been proven to be an effector of RhoC in promoting the migration of breast cancer [122] and gastric cancer cells[44]respectively; it is also observed at the leading edge of migrating cells [122].