However, PD animals treated with C16 (Supplementary Fig. 4c, h, m, r), Ang-1 (Supplementary Fig. 4d, i, n, s), and especially the combination of C16 and Ang-1 (Supplementary Fig. 4e, j, o, t) showed greatly reduced leakage from blood vessels (Supplementary Fig. 4u). This evidence concerns the gene ANGPT1 and Parkinson disease.