Significantly, Pad4−/− mice have increased WIHN, when compared with WT mice, which correlates with the capacity of NETs to damage tissue in diseases such as small vessel vasculitis,65 systemic lupus erythematosus,66, 67, 68, 69, 70 rheumatoid arthritis71 and psoriasis.72 This evidence concerns the gene PADI4 and systemic lupus erythematosus.