Then, in streptozotocin-induced (STZ-induced) type 1 diabetic mice and db/db mice, which developed albuminuria 3 months and 6 months after diabetes mellitus (DM) (Figure 1, G–J), obvious induction of CFB, C3d, C5b-9, and C5aR was observed in the glomeruli 6 months after DM by immunohistochemical staining (Figure 1K; Figure 2, G–J; and Supplemental Figure 2, F–I). Here, C5AR1 is linked to diabetes mellitus.