LEP and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Still, Jin et al. (173) verified that astrocyte-specific Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) knockout mice were resistant to HFD-induced obesity and to leptin action, suggesting that the deletion of hypothalamic inflammatory pathways (i.e., MyD88) can mitigate the adverse changes caused by HFD (174).