KEYNOTE-024 and KEYNOTE-042 trials, which compared pembrolizumab with platinum-based chemotherapy in previously untreated, PD-L1-expressing advanced NSCLC, showed that the best survival benefit appeared in patients who had a PD-L1 TPS ≥ 50% rather than those with PD-L1 TPS ≥ 20% and ≥ 1% (65, 66). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.