Among cancer patients, treatment with propranolol also showed a potential benefit on cancer recurrence and overall survival, by reducing inflammatory cytokines including IL-6 and TNF-alpha, inflammation-related transcription factors such as NFkB and STAT3, and reducing the activation of Treg lymphocytes (Zhou et al., 2016; Haldar et al., 2018). This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and cancer.