INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: As well as their role in the immune system, Kv1.3 channels have been implicated in the development of insulin resistance and subsequently type 2 diabetes.144 This is evident from Kv1.3 gene deletion studies in mice, resulting in enhanced peripheral insulin sensitivity and anti-satiety effects.145 Thus, Shk-186 was administered to diet-induced obese mice, resulting in normalisation of blood glucose and insulin, as well body weight reduction.146 The anti-obesity mechanism of action has not been fully established.