The underlying mechanism was that epigenetic therapies not only inhibited MDSCs trafficking by downregulating CCR2 and CXCR2 but also induced MDSCs differentiation towards a more-interstitial macrophage-like phenotype.269 A phase II clinical trial confirmed that the combination of entinostat and pembrolizumab provided a clinical meaningful benefit for patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor-resistant NSCLC.270 Another clinical trial testing the combination treatment of nivolumab, 5-azacytidine, and entinostat in NSCLC patients (NCT01928576) is ongoing. The gene discussed is CXCR2; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.