NFIA and cancer: For instance, curcumin treatment polarized MDSCs to an M1-like phenotype with increased CCR7 expression and decreased dectin 1 expression in vivo and in vitro.238,239 Additionally, treatment of NSCLC patients with particulate β-glucan for two weeks reduced the levels of PMN-MDSCs in the peripheral blood.240 Further research found that whole β-glucan particles (WGPs) could inhibit nuclear factor I-A (NFIA) expression in PMN-MDSCs.241 Based on this concept, intensive studies are wanted to identify the therapeutic potential of above-mentioned compounds, especially in cancer patients.242,243