MTOR and renal cell carcinoma: In addition, other RCC-related immune checkpoints are gradually being discovered, such as vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein (GITR), and lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3), among others, and related targeted drugs are currently under evaluation [81, 85, 86].