We next report increased motility and invasion of both normal and cancer cells, as well as upregulated NDRG1, EGLN3, P4HA1, LOX, LOXL2, SERPINE1, MME, GJA1, MALAT1, NEAT1, and IGFBP3 expression by normal epithelial cells on the aged matrix, all associated with EMT, cell migration, and cancer invasion and progression.[33, 34, 35] Interestingly, a subset of cells (cluster 7) with highly upregulated EMT markers ROS1, ZEB2, FN1, VCAN, and SPARC are also enriched in the aged breast microenvironment. This evidence concerns the gene IGFBP3 and cancer.