The interesting thing is that many genes involved in oxidative stress and mitochondrial function were found such as GPX1, DARS2, PRDX6, HAAO, RBM14-RBM4, NDUFS3, OGFOD2, and ATP5G1, suggesting insomnia may affect PUD through oxidative stress and mitochondrial function. This evidence concerns the gene NDUFS3 and insomnia.