TNF and systemic lupus erythematosus: Although there is a frequent induction of autoantibodies upon anti-TNF therapy,1 the development of autoimmune diseases such as drug-induced lupus (DIL) is a rather rare event.2,3 The clinical and laboratory features of an anti-TNF-induced lupus-like syndrome (ATIL) resemble idiopathic systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).