Accordingly, our results showing that ccRCC-infiltrating NK cells display an increased frequency of PD-L1hi NK cells, and that tumor-experienced NK cells enriched in PD-L1hi NK cells can inhibit CD8+ T cell proliferation through PD-L1, suggest that NK cells also might be targeted during immune checkpoint treatment of cancer patients with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 mAb. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is neoplasm.